Index

• Chromatography
• Common experiments operations
• Tests for ions and gases
• Extraction of metals
• Electrical chemistry
• Haber process
• Contact process
• Carbon cycle
• Purification of water
• Addition reaction
• Substituion reaction
• Methods to produce ethanol
• Cracking of organic compounds
• Fractional distillation of petrol
• Polymerization

Chromatography

• The reason why the color will change is that the solubility of different dyes are different in organic solution.

• Locating agent is used to let colorless dyes or compounds show color in order to indicate them.

• Dyes can be identified by comparison or calculating its Rf value.

  

• Precautions

  • Water level must beneath the start line
  • The paper must be perpendicular and be ringed

Other related points

• Differences between m.p / b.p of pure substances and their mixtures
  • Pure substances have specific ****m.p / b.p
  • Melting point of mixtures of one pure substances and impurities is lower
  • Boiling point of mixtures of one pure substances and impurities is higher
  • Larger difference, larger amount of impurities